Survival Rates

Poor prognostic factors by cell type for leukemia include:

Acute myelogenous leukemia

• Age: patients over age 60
• WBC > 30,000 per microliter
• Serum LDH over 400 IU
• Slow response to therapy
• Systemic infection at time of diagnosis
• Central nervous system involvement
• Myeloblastic leukemia other than with cytogenetic abnormality in t(8;121)
• Myelomonocytic leukemia with abnormal marrow eosinophils

Acute lymphocytic leukemia

• Age: younger than 3 or older than 7
• Gender: males have worse prognosis
• WBC greater than 50,000 per microliter in children or 30,000 per microliter in adults
• Adult form of lymphocytic leukemia
• Burkitt type cell leukemia
Any lymphocytic leukemia with immunologic subtype of B cell,
• T cell or null cell
• Hepatosplenomegaly, lymphadenopathy, mediastinal mass, central nervous system involvement
• Presence of Philadelphia chromosome abnormality

Response rates for induction therapy

Myelofibrosis

Median survival is about 5 years.

Myelodysplastic Syndromes (median survival)

• Refractory anemia 2-5 years
• Refractory anemia with sideroblasts insufficient data
• Refractory anemia with excess blasts 6-9 months
• Refractory anemia with excess blasts in transformation < 6 months
• Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia 14-18 months

Essential Thrombocythemia

Median survival is 10-15 years if complications are controlled.